Completing the Food Nutrient Cycle at the Rich Earth Institute

Earlier this summer, a diverse group of curious folks from our community toured the Rich Earth Institute (REI) to learn more about this unique, innovative resource in our community. REI works to complete the food nutrient cycle by turning human urine into fertilizer, supporting sustainable agriculture, and protecting water sources. 

Understandably, the idea of diverting human urine to use as fertilizer makes some people uncomfortable. Because of this, although our group included parents, teachers, school board members, and other community leaders, most people attending were careful to say in the introductions that they were not representing their organization or school but were attending as a curious community member. With that out of the way, this group was free to think creatively about how REI’s approach and technology could someday benefit our community. Ideas ranged from peecycling port-a-potties on school playgrounds and at community events, using urine as fertilizer in gardens and landscapes around town, and installing high-tech urine-diverting toilets in local schools and businesses. 

High-tech urine-diverting toilet at REI offices.

Implementing these ideas is a long way off, as we wait for technology to improve and attitudes and behaviors to change. In the meantime, we were inspired by many of the things we learned! Here are a few highlights:

This map shows the location of REI’s urine donors throughout the region.

• Human urine, which contains high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, makes up less than 1% of wastewater. Nitrogen and phosphorus cause harmful algae blooms, which are destructive to aquatic ecosystems. By separating human urine from other wastewater, we can eliminate up to 75% of nitrogen and 55% of phosphorus from our municipal water systems. 

• Human urine is an effective, sustainable, local alternative to commonly used synthetic fertilizers. In fact, the urine produced by one person annually contains enough fertilizer to grow nearly a whole year's supply of food! 

• Currently, around 200 dedicated volunteers in Brattleboro donate their bodily nutrients to Rich Earth’s program—totaling over 10,000 gallons of urine annually! This creates a source of sustainable fertilizer for local farms, reduces downstream nutrient pollution, and conserves over a million gallons of clean, potable water since the program began in 2013.

We're excited to see how the innovative science and research of REI can be shared over time with our schools and community to bring greater health to our farms and aquatic ecosystems. REI planted a research garden this spring which will be available this fall for educators and student groups to tour and learn more.

REI’s newly planted research garden.

Open for Business: BUHS Farmstand Persists Throughout Remote Learning

Remember the last time you split a restaurant bill with friends—how long did it take? If it’s anything like my experiences, it always ends up being far more complicated than expected. Now, imagine splitting the grocery bill for 30 teachers and divvying up cases of potatoes, mushrooms, asparagus, arugula, and more. Add in special orders (Terra Nova coffee, anyone?) and delivery, and you’ve got the Brattleboro Union High School’s (BUHS) Virtual Farmstand. 

Despite the pandemic restrictions, BUHS students in the F.A.R.M.S program (Foundations of Agriculture, Reading, Math, and Social Engagement), with the help of teachers Alison Kelly, Erica Cross, and Lauren Allembert, managed the school’s buying, which sold over $2,500 worth of local food to school staff over the past year. School staff would place their orders via a Google Sheet developed by Food Connects, and the Food Connects Food Hub would then deliver the bulk order directly to the school. From there, students handled all communications to the staff, measured and packed individual orders, and sent invoices to their customers. Taken all together, the BUHS Farmstand is a standout example of how Farm to School in the upper-grade levels can be interdisciplinary, hands-on, and engaging for the entire school community. 

“The Farmstand was an anchor for many of our students this past year. Not only did it keep learning hands-on during the pandemic, but it helped our students build community within the school." says BUHS teacher Lauren Allembert. 

Students practiced their math skills—dividing orders, measuring out correct weights, and tallying up invoices. The class had to create systems to manage the flow of fresh produce through the classroom and back out to customers. Individuals honed their communication skills via emails to teachers and when delivering orders.

School staff were excited to support the students in their real-world learning. Added benefits for the school community included an easy way to buy local foods and lower prices since they were buying directly from the Food Hub. 

The F.A.R.M.S. program does much more Farm to School as well. Students grow crops in raised beds built by the Windham Regional Career Center, practice culinary skills using local foods, and learn about the natural sciences through the lens of horticulture. The program is also open to a wide audience, explains Allembert, “the F.A.R.M.S. program creates an opportunity for all students in our community to engage at any level. Students have taken sustainability coursework, participated in the farmstand, and others have completed community service within the C.S.A."

Looking to next year, the class is excited to get their farmstand back in person. While the virtual format was an innovative pandemic solution, the sense of community fostered through the physical stand can’t be replaced.

BS&L Grows Farm to School in Brattleboro

Sprouting kits, blooming gardens, outdoor exploration, and more—Brattleboro schools had a great year of Farm to School activities. Over the past school year, we have seen the flexibility and adaptability of Farm to School programs. At Food Connects, we work with schools to coach teams and implement Farm to School activities. This year, Brattleboro Savings & Loan (BS&L) sponsored a portion of our work in the Brattleboro schools.

"At BS&L, we understand that good nutrition and access to healthy foods is critical to developing lifelong healthy eating habits and overall good health,” says Dan Yates, President and CEO at BS&L. “That's one reason we support this important program." 

Students gardening at Green Street School.

One of the most effective ways to get kids to eat new foods is by engaging them in growing their fruits and veggies. Taste tests and school gardens throughout the Windham Southeast School District (WSESD) bring these experiences daily. The Farm to School efforts don’t end when the school year finishes either! A perennial Farm to School question is, what do you do with the gardens when students aren’t there? Each school has a unique answer to this question; the WSESD partners with Food Connects to ensure the gardens thrive throughout the year. 

Tara Gordon, Food Connects Garden Coordinator, has worked hard all summer tending to the plants and inviting families into the space. Tara’s consistent presence ensures the beds don’t get out of hand, whether it’s an early-season drought or soaking rains. She is also a friendly guide for families interested in learning more over the summer months.

“It's amazing to see the gardens come to life in the summer, the colors, the smells, the heights and fullness of the plants, and of course the fresh fruits and vegetables we can enjoy, making the garden such a wonderful place to spend time in the summer.” reflects Mary Kauffman, Oak Grove School Principal. “Each month, Tara can be seen throughout the school working with classes, both inside and outside, to learn more about gardening, harvesting, and cooking!” 

Summer Garden Coordinator, Tara Gordon.

Support from Brattleboro Savings & Loan helps Food Connects bring the needed resources to Tara and Oak Grove for successful programs, whether that’s cooking supplies, seeds, community connections, or a partner in curriculum development. Visit Oak Grove during their annual Harvest Dinner to see the fruits of everyone’s work—delicious foods grown on the campus and engaged students proud of the healthy meal they had a part in creating.  

For many, Farm to School is the highlight of the day, principals included! “I love spending time in classes when Tara is the guest visitor,” says Mary Kauffman. “We get to learn about the harvest, see how easily it can be included in our everyday lives, and get to taste something delicious.”

July 2021 Farm To School Connection

July Newsletter

Oak Grove’s Living Schoolyard

We’re Hiring: Farm to School Coach

Planting Day Returns to Westminster

Bon Appetit, Green Street School!

New Harvest of the Month Crops

Bon Appetit, Green Street School!

Each spring at Green Street School, sixth-grade students celebrate their many years of studying French language and culture with a feast of Francophone foods. French teacher Alice Charkes, “Madame” to her students, developed a hands-on self-guided culminating project where students choose a Francophone country to study. Part of their research involves learning about the cuisine of their chosen country and preparing one dish to share with their peers. 

On a Thursday morning in early June, Sheila and Laura from Food Connects assisted Madame and her students in creating this feast. Madame prepared detailed recipes and laid out ingredients and cooking utensils for students ahead of time to make sure the day went smoothly, and for the next 90 minutes, it was a lively time as excited students took charge and prepared the feast. 

To start, the class ate a delicious mango and avocado salad from Seychelles and a hearty Haitian riz collé. The sides included a fried potato dish called rösti from Switzerland, and they washed it down with a refreshing Senegalese bissap drink. And, of course, who could forget dessert—sweet peanut butter and banana cookies from Vanuatu. This meal did not disappoint. 

Students collectively made 11 dishes and enjoyed a feast together in just one 90 minute class period. They worked independently to measure, chop, mix, mash, boil and saute on hot plates, and bake in the oven in the teachers’ lounge, using familiar ingredients like peanut butter and potatoes and unfamiliar ingredients like tamarind, hibiscus, and cassava. There were so many small delightful moments watching students problem solve and gain confidence in themselves. The best part was enjoying the fruits of their labor at the end—all students were strongly encouraged by Madame to at least try every dish. Bravo, Madame and bon travail, sixth graders!

The Farm to School Year in Review

Mixing bowls full of tropical fruits and veggies, hot plates frying up potatoes, and new foods abound (think tamarind, hibiscus, and cassava). This past June, Green Street School’s sixth-grade French class prepped mango and avocado salad from Seychelles alongside a hearty Haitian riz colle, in addition to 9 other dishes and drinks to celebrate six years of learning about French language and culture.

Back in October of 2020, this would have seemed impossible. Thanks to dedicated educators throughout the region and Food Connects support, Farm to School scenes like this cooking experience continued throughout the year and helped provide normalcy to an otherwise challenging year.

Many educators saw Farm to School as a means to get students out of the classroom. “Gardening time was an absolute highlight of the day for me and my students,” reflected Molly Stoner, a 4th-grade teacher at Dummerston School. “Students would run out and check for sprouting/growth in their milk jug greenhouses the second they got to school. Later in the spring, adding compost to beds, planting and watering the seed they sown, taking home sprouts enriched us all and kept us grounded in all the potential of our beautiful Vermont land."

This spring, Dummerston planted 12 apple trees donated by Scott Farm Orchard. Many other school gardens expanded as well. For example, Grafton Elementary School added a pumpkin patch to their school garden. Central Elementary School in Bellows Falls expanded its urban growing space and plans to develop a more robust Farm to School program that emphasizes community connections. 

For those feeding our students, the year never let up. Born out of the pandemic, our Who Feeds Our Kids series celebrated the school nutrition professionals who remain the backbone of the school community. Responding to rising food insecurity, they sent out weekend and school break food boxes. With local food from the Food Connects Food Hub highlighted, the food boxes provided another layer of support for families experiencing food insecurity. We’re excited to see the expanded service stay for years to come. 

Food Connects’ flexible support helped schools maintain their programs and respond quickly to new obstacles; when our network schools couldn’t find COVID-19 cooking guidelines, we researched CDC recommendations to create a protocol for educators to follow. We put together 800 sprouting kits for students during the doldrums of late winter, adding some greenery to classrooms and anticipation for more planting come spring. 

“It’s the creativity and flexibility that we saw throughout the pandemic that is going to help us spring forward next year,” says Conor Floyd, Food Connects Farm to School Program Manager.  “We’re excited to continue working alongside our school partners to develop new programming opportunities.”

Planting Day Returns to Westminster

Take your pinky and thumb and spread them apart; press them into the soil, marking two holes. Now drop a sunflower seed in each hole and lightly cover it with soil. Westminster Center School’s Kindergarten classes continued the thirty-year tradition with seeds saved from the previous year’s sunflowers during a cloudy yet deceptively warm Planting Day this past May.

Returning after a hiatus last year due to COVID-19, Planting Day is a school-wide event to get the school gardens ready for the growing season. Every class in the school came out to work with Mandy Walsh, the school’s librarian and Farm to School teacher. Joined by Conor and Laura from Food Connects, Mandy led each class on a tour of the gardens before diving into their project for the day. 

Fourth grade learned how any potato could become a “seed potato” and then planted the “eyes” in four mounded rows. Sixth grade was responsible for planting the corn, and then they got to work watering the rest of the garden, fed the chickens, and looked for snakes in the tall grass. Each grade had a specific crop that needed planting and saw how their efforts contributed to the garden’s success.

Throughout the day, the garden transformed from a tilled patch of soil to rows filled with plants. When students return in the fall, the crops will be ready for harvest. Students will work together to create a Harvest Supper to share with the community and celebrate their collective work.

The Living Schoolyard: Nature, Learning, and Landscape at Oak Grove School

Seeds planted during the 2018-2019 school year at Oak Grove School are bearing fruit as a living schoolyard and a vibrant garden featuring native plants take root on Oak Grove’s campus. Over the past two and a half years, a collaborative process between school staff, parents, students, and administration unfolded, making steady progress in spite of several obstacles. Principal Mary Kaufmann celebrates the project’s success, stating that “the schoolyard has developed into a lovely and welcoming space. Kids love to be outside! The more we have worked on the space, the more time we see classes outdoors.” 

The visioning process for the project began in 2018 as a conversation between then principal Jeri Curry and a group of parents interested in making improvements to the playground. They identified problems including: 

• A lack of quiet spaces for students in need of a less stimulating recess environment

• Outdated play structures and not enough swings

• A lack of shady areas on hot, sunny days 

• Limited choices for a range of play opportunities across all ages, especially pre-K and older students

Every project needs champions, and there are several champions of Oak Grove’s living schoolyard project. This project weathered a change of administrators, superintendents, and facilities manager, as well as a school district merger and a global pandemic. It’s not been easy, but as the rewards start to emerge, it’s worth it. Some of the champions who helped bring this vision to reality are:

• Former principal Jeri Curry. Curry began the project in her final year as principal, acknowledged parents' ongoing concerns about the outdated playground, secured start-up funds, formed a committee, and approved the idea to invest in mapping a long-term, broad scope vision by hiring a designer.

• Current Oak Grove principal Mary Kaufmann. Kaufmann has supported the continued progress on the project’s goals through many transitions and prioritized hiring a school garden coordinator.

• School garden coordinator Tara Gordon. Gordon led the move of the school garden and is connecting the garden to the classroom through meaningful hands-on learning and curricular connections for all students.

• Former facilities manager Greg Frost. Frost supported the garden relocation, built outdoor stump seating and other outdoor classroom spaces, and managed many other project logistics.

• New facilities manager Chad Pacheco. Pacheco continues to support the project as he enters into his new role.

• Academic support teacher Laura Haskins. Haskins leads the Oak Grove Green Team and has been planting trees with students on the playground for many years.

• Fifth-grade teacher Karen DiIorio-Bowen. Dilorio-Bowen has been integrating nature-based education into her curriculum for many years and built part of her curriculum around the living schoolyard this year.

• PTO chair and parent Tara Davis. Davis immediately took a keen interest in the project—standing at the crossroads of parent, neighborhood, and teacher perspectives as a former teacher interested in outdoor education and a neighborhood resident. 

The project began with visioning, which included surveying students, staff, and parents to get feedback on which playground elements these stakeholders wanted to keep and what new ideas people had that could be expanded on and prioritized. As part of this visioning process, the team brought in Nancy Striniste, a landscape designer with a background in child development, to help create a master plan redesigning the playground and school gardens. Certain elements of the plan have already happened, such as:

• Relocating the school garden

• Building a footbridge for creative play

• Creating a new, wider, curved welcoming pathway at the playground entrance

• Building cedar stump seating for the outdoor classroom

A highlight has been the move of the garden. Kaufmann says the garden has “grown and flourished thanks to the work of Tara Gordon and the students at Oak Grove.” Kaufmann notes that students take pride in the work they do in the garden. She sees many benefits in students “being able to be a part of something so beautiful that leads to harvesting and enjoying their hard work.” According to garden coordinator Tara Gordon, “The Oak Grove School garden is developing into a special place abundant with a rich array of perennial and native plantings, garden cultivars and annual florals, vegetables, fruits, and even mushrooms.” These plantings are designed to support and encourage outdoor learning, foster connections to nature, and provide opportunities to learn about the local landscape. Gordon sees garden education as an integral part of the school curriculum and community development. Community engagement has been one of the keys to success—during the fall of 2020, a group of “guerilla gardeners” came together and planted more than a hundred spring bulbs donated by various community members and kept the location of the plantings secret from the students for a spring surprise.

Student involvement is another key component of the project. The school invited all students to participate in the Pennies for the Playground initiative—a program designed to teach the power of the penny. Back in November 2020, tennis ball piggy banks were distributed to all students. As a show of gratitude, students were invited to collect pennies to help support the living playground project. Working with pennies made it accessible for students and families from all economic backgrounds. Collaboratively, the school community has raised $649.34 so far, including $163 raised by a penny challenge organized by Brattleboro Savings and Loan. Students voted recently to spend this money towards another step in the master plan—creating a new digging area won by a landslide. This will be completed over the summer and ready when students return to school.

DiIorio-Bowen’s fifth-grade class has been a key partner in the project this year through participation in the Wild Treasures program, 350 Vermont’s Rewild Vermont project, and a collaboration with Edible Brattleboro to plant additional trees on the campus. Kaufmann says, “The work the fifth graders did this year to learn about the carbon cycle and the environment led to an amazing culminating activity in which plants and trees were added to the playground, bringing more beauty and function to the space.” Karen’s students worked and consulted with Gordon to develop a plant list and placement throughout the school grounds following the master plan. Plantings included a whole array of native perennials, including trees, shrubs, and herbaceous pollinator plants. The project's budget also includes an extensive signage collection with artwork and research by the students displayed throughout the gardens. The fifth-grade planting day culminated with a closing circle around the new sugar maple tree. Students placed handfuls of soil around the tree roots along with special wishes they had written on pieces of paper to place into the hole. Together, everyone recited the Earth Pledge and sang the official state song of Vermont, “These Green Mountains.” 

Jen Tourville's pre-k class has also been involved in lots of garden work this year, setting aside time weekly for planting, harvesting, and cooking together with Gordon. They are also enjoying an infusion of local produce into their snack program thanks to a CSA grant from the Vermont Agency of Agriculture.

All classes took part in the project in one way or another, thanks to Gordon’s ability to engage all classrooms in food preparation with garden produce, foraging education in the neighborhood, and a dedication by all staff to get students out in the gardens and onto the living schoolyard regularly.

This project has relied on the incredible generosity of spirit, time, resources, and skills coming from the community. Many thanks to:

• Edible Brattleboro for donating fruit trees and a hickory sapling,

• Bonnyvale Environmental Education Center (BEEC) and local arborist Bob Everingham from All About Trees for donating large cedar stumps for stump seating,

• numerous neighbors and community members who donated supplies for a mud kitchen playspace for preschool students, bird feeders for classrooms to feed birds throughout the winter, and permission to tap maple trees in the neighborhood,

• Heritage Maple Farm for supporting the first school sugaring operation by supplying buckets, taps, and other resources,

• Hamilton Lumber for providing firewood for the wood-fired sugaring operation,

• and the Food Connects Farm to School team for their continued support throughout the garden move, providing professional development opportunities, and a matching donation to the Pennies for the Playground initiative.

Davis made a point of reaching out to the community via Facebook, Front Porch Forum, and casual conversations with neighbors. She believes in creating connections, “especially as we emerge from the pandemic—connection is vital in bringing joy and meaning not only to Oak Grove students but our community at large. Everyone benefits when we work together for the collective good - in this case, the creation of a vibrant living schoolyard that also happens to lie in the heart of the Oak Grove neighborhood.” 

Looking ahead, there are several next steps in the process for the living schoolyard:

• The creation of a sensory path around the playground’s perimeter, funded by a grant from RiseVT, This path will build upon the new bridge, incorporating a living tunnel and a balance trail.

• The construction of an edible mushroom garden along the north side of the building will feature shiitakes and oyster mushrooms. 

• A digging area, funded by the Pennies for the Playground initiative, some mounds for climbing, and some cob construction structures.

Kaufmann sums up the success of the project, saying, “our school grounds are something we take pride in, and the work of the living schoolyard team, the community, and the students and staff at Oak Grove School have made it a wonderful place to be and to learn!” The living schoolyard project actively seeks support from local businesses and community members who want to be involved. For more information, call Oak Grove School at (802) 254-3740 or email principal Mary Kaufmann at mkaufmann@wsesdvt.org.

June 2021 Farm To School Connection

June Newsletter

Farm to School Takes on Fungi

Who Feeds Our Kids: Thristan Coke

Raised Beds Return to BAMS

The Apple of Dummerston School's Eye

New Harvest of the Month Crops

Who Feeds Our Kids: Steve Hed

Feeding Kids During a Pandemic: Harley Sterling, Windham Northeast Supervisory Union

Guilford Farm to School Thrives on Community Partnership

What does it take to make a successful Farm to School program? At Guilford Central School (GCS), a big part of the answer is community partners. 

Kindergarteners Jared and Jimmy plant a peach tree near the K/1 outdoor classroom.

“The community support that we see at Guilford Central School is amazing. From the dedicated parents on the Leadership Council to parents who donate mulch for our blueberry plants and excavator time to site a shed, it’s really inspiring to see. Our families and community members clearly value the outdoor experiences that our students are having, and they give a lot to support our programming. Our Farm to School and Nature-Based Education programs are thriving and couldn’t have gotten to this point without community involvement,” said Sarah Rosow, the Farm to School Program Coordinator at GCS.

School principal, John Gagnon, agrees, “the success that we have experienced at GCS is due to the remarkable contributions and efforts of our community partners.” He also points to the deeper connection the community has, “capital improvements to our campus and professional development for our staff in best practices in nature-based learning demonstrate the direct result  of the support that our parents, community and local non-profit organizations have provided.”

Guilford Central School is a regional leader in Farm to School—its over 7-year-old program is a shining example of how Farm to School can grow well-grounded students and connect communities. Before the pandemic, students used school-grown vegetables for taste tests highlighting local dishes for the school to try before adding them to the cafeteria's menu. GCS hosted the Holiday Market, where each grade made garden-based crafts and food items to sell to the community. The staff’s gardening and nutrition education experience meant that they were ready to move learning outdoors and get creative about cooking lessons when the pandemic hit.

Fourth grader Arabella chops rhubarb harvested from the school garden for rhubarb muffins.

“We love to cook in Pre-K and try to do at least one cooking project every week. In pre-COVID times we would prep our ingredients inside and then bring them outside to cook over the fire,” reflects Pre-K teacher Emma Hallowell. “This year, we found that preparing food outside was challenging during the cold winter months—those little fingers! But now that it’s spring, we simply set up a cooking station in our outdoor classroom and are having a great time cooking over the fire again.”

The past year has brought communities together in mutual aid and collaboration. This is no exception at Guilford, where countless community partnerships help elevate and grow the gardens, classroom lessons, and nutrition education. 

The gardens continue to grow throughout the school campus, creating new learning spaces for classes and more produce for students to try. The Guilford FTS Program purchased two new raised beds built by Three Trees. Soil donated by Windham Solid Waste Management District (WSWMD) and D&E Tree Company filled the beds. Apple trees donated by Scott Farm and plants from Walker Farm and Lilac Ridge Farm will help fill all this new growing space. More trees, berries, and crops also require more maintenance! A rotating cast of parent volunteers supports the Farm to School Coordinator, Sarah Rosow, by weeding the beds, fertilizing the blueberry bushes on weekends, or stopping in with a skid steer to move soil and mulch. Guilford also participates in Food Connects’ Summer Garden Program, which keeps families involved and ensures that the gardens are weeded and watered throughout the summer months. Valuing the importance of the program, the Guilford Country Store has donated additional funds to support the summer garden program. 

A grant from RiseVT allowed the school to install a StoryWalk to encourage classes and community members to get outdoors, take a walk, and enjoy a story. The school purchases books at a discount from Everyone’s Books for the storywalk, on themes ranging from diversity to nature to food and farming.

Food Connects sent sprouting kits to interested classes at the start of spring, getting students excited about the growing season and enabling them to try sunflower and pea sprout taste tests. All the students’ cooking endeavors, from bread on a stick to sweet potato tots, are chronicled in a community cookbook. With more help from Food Connects and printing from C&S Print Shop, every family will be able to take home a cookbook plus a cooking kit thanks to funding from VT Fresh. The hands-on curriculum has proved invaluable during the pandemic, encouraging student engagement and helping build excitement about returning to school after a year of remote and hybrid learning. 

Thirty pounds of salad greens from Milkweed Farm, ready to be bagged up and distributed to families along with salad dressing recipes for the May Harvest of the Month kit.

The school has highlighted local food in meals for students. Recipe kits were sent home with students that featured local ingredients such as salad greens from Milkweed Farm and maple syrup donated by Franklin Farm. Students get to enjoy Franklin Farm beef year-round in the cafeteria, thanks to their partnership with the school. 

Each contribution from the community helps build up the robust Farm to School program students currently enjoy. As Guilford looks towards the future, there’s excitement for more to come. “As COVID restrictions are lifted,” says Sarah Rosow, “we’ll be looking to get families even more involved in the gardens, to generate more community involvement around our new sugaring program, and to re-establish our Winter Market.”

John Gagnon only sees growth in the future for the program, “we are very grateful and excited to continue this journey with our community partners in an elementary school that nurtures a love and respect for our natural environment.”

Guilford Central School is a small elementary school in Southern Vermont serving 120 children from Pre-K - sixth grade. The Guilford Farm to School program enables students to regularly spend time working in the school gardens, cooking, composting, and visiting local farms. From monthly taste tests of healthy, locally sourced foods that are prepared and served by students in every grade, to tapping trees and boiling sap, GCS students are connected with Guilford's farming heritage.